Zingiberaceae ginger family this popular ginger is native to india. Exploring molecular docking studies of alanine racemase. In india, cardamom is cultivated in altitudes ranging from 900 to 1400 m above msl mean sea level covering three southern. Qiblawi s, alhazimi a, almogbel m, hossain a, bagchi d 2012 chemopreventive effects of cardamom elettaria cardamomum l. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in reunion, indochina and costa rica. Maton is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus elettaria family zingiberaceae. Elettaria cardamomum cardamom phytochemicals by plant. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. The cardamom plant begins flowering at 23 years of age from the base of the plant. The western ghat forest of the malabar coast, india, is the center of origin and diversity for cardamom and it mi. It is beneficial for overall digestive system, respiratory system, kidneys, blood, heart, and skin. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of. How to grow flavorful cardamom in your home garden.
The spicy seeds are used in cooking and the leaves are superb chopped and simmered into tea or chutney. Large part of globe is now relying on herbal medicines because of having better tolerability. A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Several species of shellflower alpinia are cultivated as ornamentals. The attractive flowers are borne at ground level on muchbranched flowering stems and they develop into small green, white or brown three. Cardamom, ginger and turmeric encyclopedia of life. Elettaria is commonly called cardamom, green cardamom, or true cardamom, whereas amomum is commonly known as black cardamom, brown cardamom, kravan, java cardamom, bengal cardamom, siamese cardamom, white or red cardamom. The spicy seeds are very aromatic and used extensively for culinary purposes, it is the true cardamom of commerce. Its antimicrobial activity against both grampositive and gramnegative bacterial species was demonstrated.
This species is the source of the long wild native cardamom of sri lanka. Maton is commonly known as small cardamom, green cardamom, or true cardamom and is grown in india, guatemala, sri lanka, nepal, indonesia, costa rica, mexico and tanzania garg et al. Following a request from the european commission, the efsa panel on additives and products or substances used in animal feed feedap was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of an essential oil from the seeds of elettaria cardamomum l. Liven up your culinary adventures with cardamom or elettaria cardamomum. Seeds are dried, ground, and used as a food flavoring.
Keep soil temperature at 7085f for best germination. Elettaria cardamomum fruit ahpa botanical identity. Prakash paranjpe is a comprehensive treatise on the subject. Elettaria cardamomum an overview sciencedirect topics. Journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry taking into consideration all the above mentioned qualities of the three spices namely, syzygium aromaticum, elettaria cardamomum and piper nigrum, the present study was carried out to assess their biochemical and phytochemical nature along with their the antimicrobial activities. Characterisation of the essential oil identified 37 components. Ayurveda has a vast medicinal treasuretrove of herbs to choose remedies from. Elettaria cardamomum health effects and herbal facts. The results of ftir analysis confirmed the presence of alcohol, phenols, alkanes, alkyl halides and alkynes.
They are one of the highest priced and most expensive spices after saffron and vanilla. It is sometimes known as the queen of spices alongside black pepper piper nigrum, which is known as the king of spices. Cardamom is an important economic crop and is a highly valued spice parthasarathy et al. It is a bushy plant, about 3 meters tall with straight stems, symmetrical dark green pointed leaves, and lightly colored flowers with white and.
Ayurveda ebooks your guide to ayurveda free download. Ginger is obtained from the rhizomes of zingiber officinale. Ayurveda is a living tradition of a healthy science of india, used for millennia. Cardamom refers to several plants of the genera elettaria and amomum in the ginger family zingiberaceae. Cardamom otherwise known as malabar cardamom, true cardamom or small cardamom second only to pepper in its importance during the renaissance period, is often qualified as the queen of spices because of its very pleasant aroma and taste. The flowers are white to lilac or pale violet, produced in a loose spike 3060 cm 1224 in long.
In a similar experiment using elettaria cardamomum maton. Zingiberaceae of north america update, database version 2010 acquired. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. The seeds of elettaria cardamomum are the source of cardamom. Dried jelly substances of the red algae of gelidium amansii. The genus elettaria consists of a small number of spices distributed in india, sri lanka, malaysia and indonesia holtum, 1950. Cardamom is a member of the ginger family and has a thick fleshy root, a rhizome. Agronomy and economy of black pepper and cardamom 1st. Other articles where elettaria cardamomum is discussed. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum is a leafy perennial herb with hairless leaves neatly arranged along thick fleshy stalks.
The green three sides seed pods are popular in indian and asian cooking. Gcms analysis of cardamom extract was performed and the. Indian cardamom is slightly smaller, but more aromatic. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in reunion, indochina, and costa rica. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum by. The botanical name of cardamom, elettaria cardamomum, originated from the. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant. Elettaria and amomum are the two main genera of the ginger family that are named as forms of cardamom. Fuzzy, up to 10 tall plants with flowers on short stalks along the ground. Cardamom seeds are unfortunately difficult to germinate. Two botanical varieties have been distinguished based on the size of the fruits, one for the wild taxon and one for the.
Elettaria cardamomum is one of the most broadly used spices in moroccan gastronomy. The effect of the extraction conditions on the yield and composition of the resulting cardamom volatile oil was examined by testing two pressure values, 9. Dont over water soil and allow the soil surface to begin to dry before rewatering. Cardamom is a perennial shrub with fleshy, thick and lateral roots and the plant grows to a height of eight feet kapoor, 2000. Zingiberaceae, called the queen of spices in india, is a tall, perennial, reedlike herb that grows wild and is cultivated in india and sri lanka. Engl cardamom, true cardamom, cardamom seeds, cardamon, cluster cardamom, lesser cardamom, malabar cardamom, round cardamom, siam. True cardamom is harvested from the dried fruit of the elettaria cardamomum plant. There are two kinds of cardamoms found in the spice world. Cardamom sometimes cardamon or cardamum, is a spice made from the seeds of several plants in the genera elettaria and.
Pdf phytochemistry and pharmacology of santalum album l. The plant produces small, inferior, capsular fruits, which are collected as they ripen, and dried. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum is a perennial tropical plant that needs very specific conditions in order to grow. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant. Singaravel sengottuvelu, in nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention, 2011. Elettaria cardamomum is a member of the ginger family zingiberaceae. As an ornamental plant it must be grown with constant warmth. Pdf botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological. To grow cardamom plants, you must provide consistent warm temperatures and humidity. Coolville ridge road athens, ohio 45701 7405924643 7405933092 fax. Ashokkumar k1, murugan m2, dhanya mk2, warkentin td3.
You may have also heard of black cardamom, which comes from amomum subulatum or lanxangia tsaoko formerly known as amomum tsaoko, and white cardamom, which usually refers to a bleached form of the green variety. Purchase agronomy and economy of black pepper and cardamom 1st edition. Its only natural habitat has the elettaria cardamomum in sri lanka, while in southwestern india and the indian subcontinent some congeneric species are native. Excellent aromatic plant that can take heavy shade. On oct 3, 2004, tcfromky from mercer, pa zone 5a wrote.
Fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the essential. Phytochemical analyses have described important chemical constituents of. Elettaria in world checklist of selected plant families. Gastroprotective effect of cardamom, elettaria cardamomum.
Commonly found in south india description cardamom is an evergreen, perennial gingerlike plant, with thick. Henceforth, the elettaria cardamomum may have chemo preventive, antidiabetic, anti microbial and anticancer activity due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract. This is an excellent resource for ayurveda practitioners and students. Antiulcerogenic activity of elettaria cardamomum maton. Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry linkedin slideshare. Since time immemorial, plants have been a rich source for therapeutics. Cardamom, ginger and turmeric belong to the family zingiberaceace. Elettaria cardamomum, common names green cardamom, true cardamom, is a species native to southern india. We are helping you to learn ayurveda through ancient ayurvedic books. The leaves are alternate in two ranks, linearlanceolate, 4060 cm 1624 in long, with a long pointed tip. One can read online and download ayurveda ebooks for free.
This page was last edited on 8 november 2017, at 07. It is the most common of the species whose seeds are used as a spice called cardamom. Apart from its use as a flavoring agent in food preparations. Cardamom seeds are ground to make a spice for flavoring various dishes. Although india is the largest producer of cardamom, only a. The extract from leaves of ellitaria cardomomum are investigated for phytochemical and anti oxidant activity. The record derives from wcsp which reports it as an accepted name record 243056 with original publication details.
Ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats and its prevention by essential oils of elettaria cardamomum and amomum subulatum. Other names cinnamon palm, cardamon, bastard cardamom, grains of paradise, paitou, sharen, elachi, ela, capalaga, malabar cardamom, cardamom. Elettaria cardamomum true cardamom queen of spices from. Harvest cardamom from the dried fruit of the plant and give your cakes, curries etc. Novel antioxidants isolated from plants of the genera ferula. It is commonly found in ayurvedic medicines used for the treatment of several diseases of these organs. The sweetly aromatic cardamom is the fruit of a tropical plant related to ginger, and is one of the world. The seeds have a pleasant aroma and a characteristic warm, slightly pungent taste. Learn about elettaria cardamomum cardamom perennial. Chemical and biological evaluation of essential oils from. Ginger lily hedychium produces beautiful flowers that are used in garlands and other decorations. Chaturjat churna is well known ayurvedic formulation used for vata and kapha dosha. Comparative analysis of the oil and supercritical co2. Elettaria cardamomum was 1% ww and for amomum subulatum was 2.
Elettaria cardamomum is the spice cardamom or elaichi used for cooking in many parts of the world and in india. The dried ripe fruits of cardamom have been used as a spice and in medicines since the 4th century bc. Both genera are native to the indian subcontinent and indonesia. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigmaaldrich. Cardamom is mainly known as a spice in christmas cookies, even though it is also a rather carefree and neat house plant with fragrant leaves that produce, when touched, an aromatic. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton belongs to the natural order scitaminae under the family zingiberaceae. Maton is a tall, perennial, reedlike herb growing wild in rainforests of south india, sri lanka, and other tropical countries 9,10. Aromatically, cardamom essential oil is a spicysweet middle note that blends well other spice oils, citrus oils, wood oils, and so many other oils. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological. On feb 24, 2006, ceejaytown from the woodlands, tx zone 9a wrote. Docking studies of alanine racemase inhibitors from elettaria cardamomum. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as green or true cardamom, is a herbaceous, perennial plant in the ginger family, native to southern india.
Maton show all show tabs cardamom general information. The cardamom or elettaria cardamomum is a pungent, aromatic, herbaceous perennial. Ewgs guide to healthy cleaning is a free, searchable online tool providing consumers with safety ratings for common household cleaners. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of cardamom elettaria cardamomum l. The yield of essential oils of elettaria cardamomum was 4. Maton when used as a sensory additive for all animal species. This article focuses on elettaria cardamomum, commonly called green cardamom. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. It comprises of barks of cinnamommum zeylanicum, seeds of elettaria cardamomum, flowers of mesua ferrea and leaves of cinnamommum tamala.
Chemopreventive effects of cardamom elettaria cardamomum l on chemically induced skin carcinogenesis in swiss albino mice. Ewgs guide to healthy cleaning elettaria cardamomum. Elettaria cardamomum and syzygium aromaticum, also used by the hajong tmps to treat asthma and coughs, are used by the taikhamyang tribe of assam, india to treat gastric trouble sonowal and barua, 2011. They are 4 cm long, pericarp is dark brown and coarsely striated.
Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton, a native of high ranges of western ghats of india, is an ecofriendly plantation spice crop. Flowering to harvest period is approximately 120 days. Cardamom essential oil is a beautiful and intriguing oil to explore for both aromatic and therapeutic blending. Cardamom also known as elettaria cardamomum, amomum cardamomum, bai dou kou, cardamon, cardomomi fructus, ela. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is one of the ingredients of the polyherbal formulation for treating the dementia of alzheimers disease aaishwarya et al.
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